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The Mahabharata, the Iliad and the Odyssey

Reconciliations important stories between India and Europe can lead the debates on the Indo-European civilization. Some of the heroic archetypes are found in the two civilizations. Some authors argue that a civilization was originally developed these ancient myths before they spread elsewhere.
While Odyssey was written before the Mahabharata nothing can indicate whether a work was after the other since each was in older oral sources.

The many similarities highlighted by several authors such as George Allen Dumezil or even seem to indicate a common source. "I suggest that the similarities between them [the epics of the Mahabharata and the Odyssey] are so numerous and so precise that, despite differences, both can be seen as telling the same story. "
The most obvious parallels can be read as follows:

The two wars that narrate epics seem to be divided into 5 phases. Those of the Mahabharata are identifiable periods of confrontation led by a chief Kauravas different: Bhisma, Drona, Karna, and Salya Asvatthama. In the Odyssey, Homer resuming other source, Allen, still 4 count heads Trojans (Hector, Penthesilea and Memnon Eurypylus) and a final phase. This last phase is similar in the two epics as it is a night massacre, one of the Trojan and the massacre by the Pandavas Kauravas. It also demonstrates that these same leaders follow similar patterns: Drona and Hector arouse strong emotions in their death by their opponents and the deaths of Drona Penthesilea arouse regret their opponent and causes a quarrel, the leaders of the Third Phase ( which are of solar origin) are observed by supernatural forces; Salya Eurypylus and are not attached to their camp.

Arjuna and Odysseus were two heroes that seem comparable result of the same heroic model. All Both are, of course, powerful warriors, but mostly they will both go into exile, and meet many different women who meet the same criteria. The first is related to magic (Ulupie and Circe) and leads the hero in the lower worlds. The second woman (Citrangada and Calypso) is preceded by an episode involving livestock and will give birth to a son who will engage in a duel to the death against his father. The third woman is related to the aquatic world. Vargas is an older nymph transformed into a crocodile with his companions after a Brahmin charmed by his songs, and Odysseus confronts sirens also singers. The fourth woman (Subhadra and Nausicaa) is related to a natural disaster: the country is engulfed Dwaraka Scheria and is blocked by the sea god Poseidon.

Penelope and Draupadi are the main hero's wife and still meet a female model comparable. Arjuna and Odysseus, their spouses, both have to dress up and beg. They live humbly and are believed dead by the company except by relatives. To marry their wives, they must participate in a contest of archery under the auspices of the gods. Only the hero, in both cases the arc band, which implies a musical element. They must then prove each identity. Their wives called "principal", gives the hero a son linked to the notion of totality, Penelope Pan and generates a 5 Draupadi son who are the incarnations of Visvedeva "all-the-gods". Allen highlights an interesting last element: if the sari of Draupadi regenerates, Penelope weaves and in turn defeated his shroud day and night.